Shell-and-tube type latent heat thermal energy storage: numerical analysis and comparison with experiments

The melting process of industrial grade paraffin wax inside a shell-and-tube storage is analyzed by means of numerical simulation and experimental results. For this purpose, the enthalpy porosity method is extended by a continuous liquid fraction function. The extended method is tested using results gained from a gallium melt test inside a rectangular enclosure.     

Characterization and functionalization of cellulose microbeads for extracorporeal blood purification

In the frame of this work, cellulose microbeads with an average particle size of 2.3 μm were characterized with respect to porosity using a batch solute exclusion method and two groups of model substances, namely proteins and polystyrene sulfonates. The pores of the microbeads were almost completely accessible to proteins with Stokes radii below 2.5 nm. More than 60% of the pores were accessible to albumin, which is relevant for the application in blood purification, since many target substances are albumin bound. Activation of the microbeads with increasing amounts of sodium metaperiodate yielded matrices with dialdehyde contents between 100 and 1,000 μmol/g. The activated beads were well suited for the covalent attachment of functional ligands, such as antibodies. Immobilization of antibodies against the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α resulted in efficient TNF-α adsorbents which possess application potential in extracorporeal blood purification, e.g. for the modulation of cytokine levels as supportive therapy for sepsis and other inflammatory disorders.     

On a theorem of Rigby

Let \({\Delta = BAG(2, q)}\) denote the classical biaffine plane of order q, that is, the symmetric \({((q^2 - 1)_q)}\) configuration obtained from the classical affine plane \({\Sigma = AG(2, q)}\) of order q by omitting a point of \({\Sigma}\) together with all lines through this point. Now let \({q \geq 4}\) be a power of a prime p and assume that \({\Delta}\) admits an embedding into the projective plane \({\Pi = PG(2, F)}\), where F is a (not necessarily commutative) field. Then this embedding extends to a projective subplane \({\Pi_0 \cong PG(2, q)}\) of \({\Pi}\); in particular, F has characteristic p. Consequently, \({BAG(2, q)}\) with \({q\geq 4}\) admits an embedding into \({PG(2, q')}\) if only if q′ is a power of q. This strengthens a result of Rigby (Canad J Math 17:977–1009, 1965) in a special case while simultaneously providing a more elegant proof.     

Über die kationische Wirksamkeit von Salzen organischer Basen

Zusammenfassung Die kationische Wirksamkeit von Salzen aromatischer, aliphatisch-aromatischer und rein aliphatischer Amine bei der Phenolätherspaltung wird verglichen. Neben der Diskussion des Reaktionsmechanismusses werden die ermittelten Gesetzmäßigkeiten mit den Haftfestigkeiten der SO₂–N-Bindungen von Tosylderivaten der entsprechenden Amine gegenüber kationisch wirkenden Agenzien in bezug gebracht und Zusammenhänge zwischen der kationischen Wirkung der Salze bzw. der Basizität der zugrunde liegenden Amine und der genannten Bindungsfestigkeit aufgezeigt.